Unesco, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, has just published the 2011 edition of its World Report Education for All. An entire chapter is devoted to Africa, where significant progress has been made in the education of children and young people, but where the challenges remain immense. This UNESCO report also looks at the impact of armed conflict on education.
Over the last 10 years, according to Unesco, significant progress has been made in education in SSA.
Between 1999 and 2008, although the population in age from attending school has risen sharply, African states have managed to get to 77% enrollment in primary education. The most impressive changes have been observed in Burundi, Ethiopia, Madagascar, Mali and Tanzania.
challenges remain immense, however. If the school is progressing, what kids learn on the bench rest, according to Unesco, " a desperate weakness" in many countries. " Improving the quality of education, the report said is therefore a major challenge .
Other challenges: the number of illiterate adults continues to increase, the gender parity in secondary education declined, and higher education remains inaccessible for many young people. Africa Saharan Africa, the enrollment rate in higher education was 6% in 2008. The world average is 26%.
School and Armed Conflict
The 2011 report of Unesco is particularly interested in the consequences of armed conflict on education. According to the organization, classrooms, teachers and students are increasingly regarded as legitimate targets in conflicts.
In Sierra Leone, most school facilities were destroyed during the civil war. Three years after the war ended, 60% primary schools had still not been rehabilitated. Stress and trauma related to the conflict are still to young Sierra Leonean a cause of learning disabilities and poor academic achievement.
According to Unesco, " violent conflict exacerbate income disparities and gender within the country " If, in northern Uganda, for example, the conflict has only negligible effect on the school careers of boys from the 20% richest households, "he doubles the risk of extreme poverty education for women from poorer households .
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